21st-Century Socialism
Oil money, big promises, one strongman.
Think Chávez-era Venezuela: nationalise natural resources, spend the revenue on social programmes, defy Washington, and rewrite the constitution. It runs on a charismatic president and mass rallies, and tends to pull power into the executive.
What they'd say
The oil belongs to the people.
No more taking orders from the IMF.
The people speak directly, not through the old elites.
Its 12-axis profile
Where it gets messy
Venezuela became the cautionary tale: hyperinflation, shortages, millions emigrating, and courts and elections hollowed out. Supporters point to early drops in poverty and blame sanctions.
Names to know
- Hugo Chávez
- Heinz Dieterich
- Evo Morales
Its squad
Countries that think like this
These countries and regimes have 21st-Century Socialism as their closest match out of all 46 types.
Venezuela
Belarus
EthiopiaIs 21st-Century Socialism your type?
Answer 60 quick questions and find out which of the 46 types you really are, plus the country that thinks most like you.
How this works: every ideology sits at a typical spot on the 12 axes, set by us, not copied from anywhere. Match percentages are 100 minus the average gap across all 12 axes. Countries are listed when this is the type closest to their own 12-axis profile.